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Objective:The study aims to gain information on medical research status and cooperative needs of medical universities/colleges from China and Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) and provide evidence to guide the regional cooperation and development in medical reserach.Methods:A self-constructed questionnaire survey was adopted to collect information on the cooperative intentions, expertise and challenges of the 43 member institutions of China-ASEAN University Consortium on Medicine and Health in medical research.Results:In total, 20 Chinese members and 10 ASEAN members completed the survey. The study found that both Chinese and ASEAN medical universities/colleges were particularly interested in cooperation in academic conferences, multi-center clinical trials and joint research projects /flagship projects, followed by large cohort studies and medical journal/publication. In terms of research priority, both Chinese and ASEAN institutions were very interested in big data, followed by cancer precision medicine; while ASEAN members were more interested in natural drugs and dengue than Chinese ones.Conclusions:Both Chinese and ASEAN medical universities/colleges had strong interest in international cooperation in medical research. They should further explore the advantages and characteristics of both sides in medical research based on the interests of two sides, adopt appropriate scientific research cooperation methods, and establish sound scientific research cooperation mechanism so as to deepen cooperation in medical research, promote the development and improve the outcome of regional medical research, and facilitate the building of a community of common health for mankind.
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OBJECTIVE：To investiga te the clinical efficacy and safety of donepezil monotherapy versus donepezil combined with memoriam in the treatment of Alzheimer ’s disease （AD）. METHODS ：Totally 100 patients with moderate and severe AD who received medical care in Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People ’s Hospital （East Hospital ）from March 2018 to March 2020 were enrolled as study subjects ，and then were divided into control group and treatment group randomly. Control group was given donepezil monotherapy treatment （initial dose of 5 mg/d，before bedtime ；after 4 weeks，the dose was changed to 10 mg/d before bedtime ；the total medication time was 6 months）. Treatment group was treated with memantine（initial dose was 5 mg/d，the dose of those without adverse reactions was increased by 5 mg until 20 mg/d，for 6 months）on the basis of the control group ，with 50 patients in each group. Montreal cognitive assessment scale （MoCA）score， MMSE score ，ADL score ，treatment response rate and the occurrence of ADR were compared between 2 groups before and after treatment. RESULTS ：Compared with same group before treatment ，MoCA score ，MMSE score and ADL score of the two groups were significantly improved after treatment （P＜0.05）. After treatment ，compared with control group ，MoCA score ，MMSE score ， ADL score and total response rate in the treatment group were significantly increased （P＜0.05），while the incidence of ADR was decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS ：Donepezil combined with memantine has better clinical efficacy than donepezil monotherapy in the treatment of moderate and severe AD ，and is helpful to improve the neurological function of AD patients，with good safety.
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OBJECTIVE：To discuss the inhibitory effect of lanthanum chloride on the calcification of vascular smooth muscle cells（VSMCs）induced by high phosphorus and its mechanism. METHODS ：On the basis of screening the action concentration and time of lanthanum chloride by MTT method ，human VSMCs were divided into control group （1 mmol/L phosphorus solution ）， lanthanum chloride high concentration control group （1 mmol/L phosphorus solution+ 60 μmol/L lanthanum chloride），model group （3 mmol/L phosphorus solution ），sodium chloride group （3 mmol/L phosphorus solution+ 180 μmol/L sodium chloride），nuclear factor κB（NF-κB）signaling pathway agonist+lanthanum chloride group （3 mmol/L phosphorus solution+ 1 μg/mL lipopolysaccharide+ 60 μmol/L lanthanum chloride），positive control group （3 mmol/L phosphorus solution+ 100 μmol/L sodium pyrophosphate），and lanthanum chloride low ，medium，and high concentration groups （3 mmol/L phosphorus solution+ 15，30，60 μmol/L lanthanum chloride）. Alizarin red S staining and Von Kossa staining were used to detect cell calcification in each group after treated with phosphorus solution for 6 d and relevant medicine for 2 d. Western blot assay was used to detect the protein expression of TNF-α receptor associated protein 6（TRAF6），nuclear factor κB inhibitor protein α（IκBα），NF-κB p65，bone morphogenetic protein 2 （BMP-2），smooth muscle 22 α（SM22α）and Runt related transcription factor 2（Runx2）. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect mRNA expression of TRAF 6，IκBα，BMP-2，SM22α and Runx2. RESULTS ： Compared with control group ，no cell calcification was observed in the lanthanum chloride high concentration control group ，while obvious cell calcification and significant increase of OD value were observed in model group and sodium chloride group （P＜ 0.01）；protein and mRNA expression of TRAF 6 and BMP- 2 in cytoplasm as well as mRNA expression of Runx 2，protein expression of NF-κB p65 and Runx 2 in nucleus were significantly increased （P＜0.01）；protein and mRNA expression of IκBα and SM22α as well as protein expression of NF-κB p65 in cytoplasm were significantly decreased （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group，cell calcification was significantly improved in lanthanum chloride groups and positive control group ，while OD values were significantly reduced ；the expression levels of the above-mentioned protein and mRNA were reversed to varying degrees （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with lanthanum chloride high concentration group ，obvious cell calcification was observed in NF-κB signaling pathway agonist + lanthanum chloride group ，and OD value was significantly increased ；the above indexes were significantly reversed in cytoplasm and nucleus （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：Lanthanum chloride can inhibit the calcification of VSMCs induced by high phosphorus ，and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB signaling pathway activation.
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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: There are only a few cognitive screening tests for the Chinese-speaking population, and so this study aimed to validate the Chinese version of Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination III (ACE-III) for detecting mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and mild dementia. Its diagnostic accuracy was compared with the Chinese versions of the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). METHODS: The 176 included individuals were divided into 3 groups: mild dementia group, MCI group, and normal control group. MMSE, MoCA, and ACE-III were administered to all participants by researchers who were blinded to the clinical grouping. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were analyzed. RESULTS: ACE-III exhibited good internal consistency and convergent validity. Age and education level significantly influenced the total ACE-III scores. When screening MCI, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was significantly larger for ACE-III than for MMSE (0.88 vs. 0.72, p<0.05) and MoCA (0.88 vs. 0.76, p<0.05). ACE-III showed higher sensitivity (0.75) and specificity (0.89) than MMSE (0.64 and 0.63, respectively) and MoCA (0.67 and 0.77) at the optimal cutoff score of 88/89. For detecting mild dementia, ACE-III yielded satisfactory sensitivity (0.94) and specificity (0.83) at the optimal cutoff score of 74/75. The AUC of ACE-III was 0.95, which was comparable to those of MMSE (0.95) and MoCA (0.91). In participants with ≥12 years of education, the AUC was significantly larger for ACE-III than for MMSE when detecting MCI (0.90 vs. 0.68, p<0.05) and mild dementia (0.97 vs. 0.90, p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The present study has verified that ACE-III is a reliable and accurate tool for screening MCI and mild dementia in the Chinese-speaking population, and is significantly superior to MMSE and MoCA for detecting MCI.
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Humans , Area Under Curve , Asian People , Dementia , Education , Mass Screening , Methylenebis(chloroaniline) , Cognitive Dysfunction , ROC Curve , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Objective@#To analyze changes in physique change among children and adolescents in Japan from 1900 to 2015, and to provide the scientific basis for national constitution development strategy in China.@*Methods@#Data on height and weight of Japanese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years provided by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Cluster analysis was performed to analyze the data.@*Results@#The 5 time periods of highest physique growth rate of Japanese boy and girls were 1948-1950, 1950-1955, 1955-1960, 1960-1965, 1965-1970, and the 5 time periods of lowest growth rate were 1939-1948, 2005-2010, 2000-2005, 1900-1905, 2010-2015, 1995-2000. Physique growth of Japanese children and adolescents showed a relatively constant increasing trend before World War II and the late 20th century, and a rapid increasing trend during 20 years after World War II and a decreasing trend during and short period after World War II. In the cluster analysis, the lower half of male students fell into a single time period (1939-1948) showing the highest rate of decline.@*Conclusion@#Physical changes of Japanese children and adolescents are closely related to the socio-economic environment, and rapid increasing trend is observed during 20 years after World War II. Based on experiences from Japan, rapid socio-economic growth in China provides an important opportunity to promote physical development of children and adolescents. Cautions should be paid to the risk of overweight and obesity accompanied by economic growth.
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10 and Foxp3 expression, reduce the IL-17 and ROR-γt expression and adjust Treg/Th17 immune balance; effect of 0.1 mg/mL FSN +0.1 mg/mL MTX is the most obvious.
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Background In recent years,some researches had been conducted on the pathologic changes of the secondary injury of perihematoma in animal experiments,but only a few studies had been done on the dynamic pathologic and ultrastructural changes of the perihematoma in ICH patients. The unique contribution of our study is to investigate the dynamic pathologic and ultrastructural changes of the perihematoma in ICH patients and provide significant insights into how the pathophysiology and ultrastructures changed after ICH.Methods The written informed consents were obtained from the ICH patients or their relatives. 30 patients (the supertentorial hemotoma volume＞30 mi and the cerebellar hemotoma volume ＞10 mi) were divided into 8 groups according to the time passed after ICH:＜6 h (6 patients), 6 ～ 12 h (7 patients), 12 ～24 h (5 patients), 24～48 h (3 patients), 48 ～72 h (3 patients), 3 ～4 days group (3 patients), 5 days group (2 patients) and 8 days group ( 1 patient) and subjected to craniotomy for hemotoma evacuation. During the operation for the hemotoma's evacuation, a small amount of tissues that must be removed, which located at 1 cm near the hematoma, were taken as experimental groups; And the same tissues of 7 patients (＜12 h), which were far from the hemotoma on the operational way, were taken as control group. The pathologic and ultrastructral changes were observed.Results The tissues of the control group were almost normal while the damages of the tissues from the experimental groups were slight in ＜6 h groups, more severe after 6h and got to the maximum between 24 ～48 h , recovered gradually after 72 h, became similar to the 6 ～ 12 h group on 5 th day, got better on 8 th day and resembled the 6 h group.Conclusions The injury of the perihematoma occurred in early stage, reached the peak level between 24 and 48 hours after ICH; which was consistent to the clinical nervous functional deficits in the ICH patients.
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72 h goups, respectively. A few tissues distant from the hematoma on the way into the cranium were taken from the 2 former groups as control. Immunohistochemistry staining and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to detected expression of complement facters C3 ,complement inhibitor (Clusterin),the infiltration of the inflammatory cells, the proliferation of neuroglia cells and the expression of cytokins.Results The immunohistochemistry staining showed that the expression of complement facter C3 got to the peak at 12~72 h (P